oday Kartini has not been long. In modern times as now, the role of women Indonesia can not. Women's participation is in many areas. The most obvious example is the role of women in the cabinet ministers of the present era, call it Mrs. Susi Pudjiastuti. In its 2015 release, BPS said that the contribution of women as the drivers of development, amounted to 46 percent of women 15 years and above the impact in the economy.
The Central Bureau of Statistics released last year, the sex ratio of Indonesia's population is at 101, which means that the number of male and female population is almost the same. This brings a very large number of women. Therefore this phenomenon has become a gender reference point at this time.
Violence against Women
Lately it often appears in the news about violence against women. Women become the target of violence due to physical conditions that can not be equated with men. Women should not be subjected to violence in any incidents of violence against women. What is interesting to note, legal norms, customs norms, and religious norms have been set bahwasannya women should be protected, given a sense of security and affection. Indonesian people who are well-mannered and very respectful of women should not act abusively, or apply harshly to women. However, cases of violence in Indonesia are still occurring.
Based on the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) report, 1 in 3 women aged 15-64 were physically and / or sexually abused by spouse and spouses during their lifetime, and about 1 year 15-64 years experienced it in the last 12 months.
This phenomenon sounds apprehensive in the midst of society's struggle in fighting for women's rights. Women who are feeling emotional and instead become the target of violence. Moreover, the most frequent physical violence by husbands / spouses in women ever / is married is a type of physical danger.
Currently the Government with the ministries / agencies that do the program. Conducting several programs consisting of women and increasing the active role of women in various fields.
Women's Achievement in Human Development
Based on one of the goals of the Suistibable Development Goals on gender equality agreements and women's empowerment, BPS photographed the phenomenon and information on gender equality and development through the Gender Development Index (IPG) and the Gender Empowerment Index (IDG). IPG is a composite index of basic human development abilities similar to that of HDI with regard to gender inequalities in terms of life expectancy, education, and number. Meanwhile, IDG measures equality in political participation and empowerment in some other sectors such as the economy.
The value of IPG Indonesia in 2015 is at the level of 92.74. For comparison, this is below the neighboring countries of Asean such as Thailand, Singapore, Brunei, Philippines, and Malaysia. This figure indicates that the development of women is still under the development of men. Many of the factors affected by IPG Indonesia are less than 100 or equilibrium. For example, there is a difference between the male and female school expectancy variables. The average male aged 25 years and over in 2015 has enjoyed education at least until grade 2 of Junior High School. At the same age, women only received an education until grade 1 of junior high. This difference occurs in the past there are still differences in opportunities between women and men.
Gender inequalities can also be measured through the Gender Equality Index Indicators. This index is calculated based on health variables, empowerment and economic status. From the calculation results it is known that IKG Indonesia is at 0.49 or still in the high category. This value is even greater than the average IKG countries in the world. One indicator is reflected in economic status.
However, broadly speaking, IPG in 2015 has increased. With the higher IPG, women are able to catch up with men. IPG is expected to continue to increase in the midst of critical community and incessant at this time.
With the achievement of development based on gender equality, hopefully can produce quality human at this moment and next generation.
By Dimas Indra Purwanto, SST
